ISLAND SOLAR SYSTEMS

In general

Island solar systems usually have a constant consumption or at least a constant average daily consumption. Constant consumption systems should be designed so that they can go through the worst month of the year, using World Design Insolation charts. These charts give the mean daily value of solar energy during the weakest month expressed in ESH (equivalent sun hours). We also use NASA's 22-year region solar statistics, as well as PVGIS and HOMER software.

The selection of the battery is made on the basis of the geographical location of the system, ie the parallel on which it is located, as well as on the recommendations of the battery manufacturer, and regarding the depth of discharge and the number of cycles that the battery can give.

It is necessary to choose well the direction and inclination of the panel, as well as system components (controller, rectifier, inverter,…) that have high efficiency.

The operation of our systems is completely automatic and in normal operation does not require user intervention. The user can make changes to the system parameters using the controller interface. The image below is taken from the website through which the system is monitored and managed.

See our system on http://77.74.228.10/

Logon ID: Sue User

Password: Sueuser1

The following table shows a rough calculation made for several cities in BiH. In the column “Br.panela ”shows the number of panels (255W power) required to power a 500W consumer.

In the column “Br. panela sa agregatom ”shows the number of panels (power 255W) that are needed to power 500W with the support of the generator. The column "% energije iz agregata" shows the percentage of energy provided by the aggregate in relation to the total annual demand. In that case, the unit would work only occasionally, mostly during two months with the least sun, which are November and December. The column "Sati rada agregata" shows how many hours the unit would work per year, the approximate power as well as the power of the panel, ie 6kW. Of course, if you want a shorter operation of the unit, or again allowed to work longer, the number of panels is changed accordingly

For every other consumption, the number of panels changes generally in proportion to that consumption.

In places where there is available mains power, everything previously applies to the support of the solar network instead of the generator. Then a lower tariff can be used to recharge the battery at night, if there is no sun in winter

Basic components of the solar system are:

• Panels
• Controller
• Solar charger
• Battery
• Inverter
• Surge protection, distribution, lightning rod
• Cabinets, brackets, poles, sockets, light bulbs

PANELS

Panels, whether monocrystalline or polycrystalline, higher or lower strength, more efficient or less efficient, must be mechanically strong, resistant to large temperature variations, must have long-term stable strength. The frame and glass have strong mechanical resistance. The panels have high durability in different weather conditions in accordance with IEC EN 61215, IEC EN 67130-1, IEC EN 67130-2

Typical characteristics of the panels we use:

CONTROLLER

The controller constantly monitors the system to ensure maximum efficiency and performance. Controls the output of the photovoltaic panel (supports Maximum Power Point Tracking - MPPT) and protects the battery from overcharging. Turns off consumers in case the battery voltage drops below a certain limit. Consumers are switched on again automatically when the battery voltage returns to the appropriate level.

The controllers of our systems have the following features:

• Comprehensive control of system functions
• Color screen with intuitive menu
• Setup and configuration via web browser, keyboard or DCTools
• Smart alarms (create ‘your’ alarms)
• Monitor battery charge / discharge
• Monitoring the midpoint of the battery
• Integrated Ethernet port, SNMP agent, Modbus
• Alarms via SMS (with GSM modem)
• Control of APR rectifiers and generator
• Monitoring of fuel levels and other parameters of the generator
• Possibility to expand analog / digital inputs / outputs
• Compliance with international standards

SOLAR CHARGER

The solar charger in our system includes a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) function that allows maximum use of the energy that a solar panel can provide.

The characteristics of the charger are:

• 2000W output power
• Leading in industry by power density
• Wide input voltage range
• Efficiency greater than 96%
• MPPT extracts the maximum of available energy
• Enabled digital signal processing for easier monitoring
• Enabled rapid expansion of the number of chargers
• Easy hot-swap
• Compliance with international standards

BATTERIES

Battery capacity is selected directly through the average consumption and the required consumer autonomy, ie the number of days without sun to be ‘covered’. The choice is influenced by depth discharge, safe coefficients, coefficients of efficiency of system elements, mean temperature,…

We install a special solar version of a classic lead-acid battery and a VRLA maintenance-free battery with GEL electrolyte from our long-term battery partner GNB-Exide.

INVERTERS

Inverters of our systems have the following features:

• Low input voltage protection
• Overload protection
• High efficiency

PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE AND CABINET:

The prefabricated construction fastens the panels to various substrates, it is made of aluminum or stainless steel to follow the durability of the panels themselves. It has the possibility of easy assembly and disassembly, and grounding.

All components of the system, except the panel, are usually placed in a free-standing cabinet, which in the case of external mounting is lined with insulating foil to reduce the impact of external temperature. The closet can be equipped with a double roof and a fan. The fans turn on if the temperature inside the cabinet rises above a preset value.

With larger systems, it is often best to bury the battery and thus use more stable temperature conditions underground.

In case of subsequent need for expansion, the systems are designed to allow easy expansion, ie the addition of parallel panels, parallel battery strings, parallel chargers. The increase in consumption must be accompanied by a directly proportional increase in the number of panels or batteries. The price of the system follows consumption almost proportionally.

TOOLS

The quality and longevity of the system also depends on the quality of installation work, and the quality of the tools used makes a significant contribution. We do all our installations with top RADOX® SOLAR tools.^® SOLAR alatom.

ENERGOINVEST – SISTEMI  UPRAVLJANJA  ENERGIJOM D.D.